National Planning Committees (1938)

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The National Planning Committees (1938) subtopics are:

  • Agriculture
  • Industry
  • Transport and Communications
  • Labour
  • Social Services
  • Education
  • Health
  • Housing
  • Town Planning
  • Co-operation
  • Finance
  • Publicity and Propaganda
  • Research and Statistics
  • Constitutional Provisions
  • General Provisions
    The National Planning Committee was set up in 1938 by the Indian National Congress to formulate a plan for the Economic Development of India. The committee was chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru and had 15 members, including economists, industrialists, and representatives of different interest groups.

The committee submitted its report in 1944. The report covered a wide range of topics, including agriculture, industry, transport and communications, labour, social services, education, health, housing, town planning, co-operation, finance, publicity and propaganda, research and statistics, constitutional provisions, and general provisions.

The report made a number of recommendations for the development of India. These included:

  • Increasing agricultural production by introducing new methods of cultivation and by providing more irrigation facilities.
  • Developing heavy industry, such as steel and iron, coal, and electricity.
  • Promoting small-scale industries.
  • Building up a strong transport and communications system.
  • Improving the conditions of workers.
  • Providing social services, such as education, health, and housing.
  • Promoting research and development.
  • Strengthening the country’s financial system.
  • Raising the standard of living of the people.

The report of the National Planning Committee was a landmark document in the history of economic Planning in India. It provided a comprehensive framework for the development of the country. Many of the recommendations made in the report were implemented after India gained independence in 1947.

The report of the National Planning Committee was also significant because it was the first time that a government in India had attempted to formulate a comprehensive plan for the development of the country. The report was based on the principle of planning for social JusticeJustice. It emphasized the need to improve the conditions of the poor and the marginalized sections of society.

The report of the National Planning Committee was a major contribution to the development of India. It provided a blueprint for the country’s economic development and helped to lay the foundation for the country’s progress in the years to come.

Here are some additional details on each of the subtopics covered in the report:

  • Agriculture: The report recommended a number of measures to increase agricultural production, including introducing new methods of cultivation, providing more irrigation facilities, and improving the marketing of agricultural produce.
  • Industry: The report recommended the development of heavy industry, such as steel and iron, coal, and electricity, as well as the promotion of small-scale industries.
  • Transport and Communications: The report recommended the construction of new roads, railways, and AirportsAirports, as well as the improvement of existing facilities.
  • Labour: The report recommended the improvement of the conditions of workers, including the provision of better wages, working conditions, and social security benefits.
  • Social Services: The report recommended the provision of social services, such as education, health, and housing, to all sections of the population.
  • Education: The report recommended the expansion of educational facilities at all levels, from primary school to university.
  • Health: The report recommended the expansion of health facilities, including the construction of new hospitals and clinics, and the improvement of existing facilities.
  • Housing: The report recommended the construction of new houses for the poor and the marginalized sections of society.
  • Town Planning: The report recommended the development of new towns and the improvement of existing towns.
  • Co-operation: The report recommended the promotion of co-operative societies, which would help to improve the economic conditions of the poor.
  • Finance: The report recommended the strengthening of the country’s financial system, including the establishment of a central bank.
  • Publicity and Propaganda: The report recommended the use of publicity and propaganda to raise awareness of the need for planning and to promote the implementation of the plan.
  • Research and Statistics: The report recommended the establishment of a research and statistics organization to collect data and conduct research on economic and social issues.
  • Constitutional Provisions: The report recommended the amendment of the Constitution to provide for planning.
  • General Provisions: The report made a number of general recommendations, such as the need for coordination between different sectors of the economy and the need for public participation in planning.

The report of the National Planning Committee was a comprehensive and well-considered document. It provided a blueprint for the development of India and helped to lay the foundation for the country’s progress in the years to come.
Agriculture

  • What is agriculture?
    Agriculture is the practice of cultivating plants and LivestockLivestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people to live in cities. The history of agriculture began thousands of years ago. After gathering wild grains beginning at least 105,000 years ago, nascent farmers began to plant them around 11,500 years ago. Pigs, sheep and cattle were domesticated over 10,000 years ago. Plants were independently cultivated in at least 11 regions of the world.
  • What are the different types of agriculture?
    There are many different types of agriculture, but some of the most common include:

    • Subsistence agriculture: This type of agriculture is used to produce enough food to meet the needs of the farmer and their family. It is often practiced in developing countries where there is little access to markets or other sources of food.
    • Commercial agriculture: This type of agriculture is used to produce crops or livestock for sale. It is often practiced in developed countries where there is a large market for agricultural products.
    • Industrial agriculture: This type of agriculture is characterized by the use of large-scale machinery and technology. It is often used to produce crops or livestock on a large scale.
    • Organic agriculture: This type of agriculture is based on the principles of sustainability and environmental protection. It does not use synthetic chemicals or genetically modified organisms.
  • What are the benefits of agriculture?
    Agriculture provides many benefits, including:

    • Food: Agriculture is the primary source of food for humans. It provides us with a variety of crops and livestock that we can eat.
    • Jobs: Agriculture employs millions of people around the world. These jobs are often in rural areas where there are few other opportunities.
    • Economic development: Agriculture can help to stimulate economic development in rural areas. It can create jobs, generate income, and attract InvestmentInvestment.
    • Environmental protection: Agriculture can help to protect the EnvironmentEnvironment by conserving water, preventing SoilSoil erosion, and reducing pollution.
  • What are the challenges of agriculture?
    Agriculture faces many challenges, including:

    • Climate Change: Climate change is having a significant impact on agriculture. It is causing changes in temperature and PrecipitationPrecipitation patterns, which are making it difficult to grow crops and raise livestock.
    • Water scarcity: Water scarcity is a major challenge for agriculture in many parts of the world. It is becoming increasingly difficult to find enough water to irrigate crops and raise livestock.
    • Soil erosion: Soil erosion is a major problem in many parts of the world. It is caused by wind and water, and it can lead to the loss of topsoil, which is essential for growing crops.
    • Pollution: Agriculture is a major source of pollution. It can pollute water, air, and soil.
    • BiodiversityBiodiversity loss: Agriculture is a major cause of biodiversity loss. It can lead to the loss of habitats and the extinction of species.

Industry

  • What is industry?
    Industry is the production of goods for use or sale using labor and machines, tools, chemical and biological processing, or formulation. The term may refer to a range of human activity, from handicraft to high tech, but is most commonly applied to industrial production, in which raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale. Such finished goods may be used for manufacturing other, more complex products, such as aircraft, household appliances or automobiles, or sold to wholesalers, who in turn sell them to retailers, who then sell them to end users—the “consumers”.
  • What are the different types of industry?
    There are many different types of industry, but some of the most common include:

    • Manufacturing: This type of industry involves the production of goods using machines and other equipment.
    • Mining: This type of industry involves the extraction of minerals from the earth.
    • Construction: This type of industry involves the building of structures, such as buildings, roads, and bridges.
    • Energy: This type of industry involves the production and distribution of energy, such as electricity, oil, and gas.
    • Transportation: This type of industry involves the movement of goods and people, such as by truck, train, ship, or airplane.
    • Communication: This type of industry involves the transmission of information, such as by telephone, radio, television, or internet.
  • What are the benefits of industry?
    Industry provides many benefits, including:

    • Goods and services: Industry produces the goods and services that we use every day, such as food, clothing, and shelter.
    • Jobs: Industry employs millions of people around the world. These jobs are often in urban areas where there are many opportunities.

MCQS

  1. Which of the following is not a subtopic of the National Planning Committee’s (1938)?
    (A) Agriculture
    (B) Industry
    (CC) Transport and Communications
    (D) Labour
    (E) Social Services
  2. Which of the following is a subtopic of the National Planning Committee’s (1938) that is related to the economy?
    (A) Agriculture
    (B) Industry
    (C) Transport and Communications
    (D) Labour
    (E) All of the above
  3. Which of the following is a subtopic of the National Planning Committee’s (1938) that is related to people?
    (A) Social Services
    (B) Education
    (C) Health
    (D) Housing
    (E) All of the above
  4. Which of the following is a subtopic of the National Planning Committee’s (1938) that is related to the government?
    (A) Finance
    (B) Publicity and Propaganda
    (C) Research and Statistics
    (D) Constitutional Provisions
    (E) All of the above
  5. Which of the following is a subtopic of the National Planning Committee’s (1938) that is related to general matters?
    (A) General Provisions
    (B) None of the above

The correct answers are:
1. (E)
2. (E)
3. (E)
4. (E)
5. (A)